Break down of compromise between 1820 and 1860 leading to the civil war free essay sample

Time periods of American history are analyzed closely to the extent that it is essential to understand the motives and basis for future events and to recognize social patterns. Among events that have affected the United States, immigrations, wars and political dispute are three of the chief categories that most directly affect the state of the nation as well as each other. The war class has been easily liked to both political and social changes in the domestic atmosphere and is therefore subject to analysis of the varying origins and causes. And no other war has affected the United States like the Civil War due to the sheer number of deaths and the complete reconstruction of the nation during the aftermath. Just as important as the war itself would be the transformations that took place among the people was a newfound lack of compromise concerning the admission of new territories and whether or not they would be free or slave. We will write a custom essay sample on Break down of compromise between 1820 and 1860 leading to the civil war or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This failure to agree was chiefly the fear of public and congressional imbalance. This and dispute over the legitimacy and abuse of popular sovereignty would cause quarrels and accusations attributed to the constitutionality of documents passed and the course certain events took, mainly, the Missouri Compromise, the South Carolina Nullification Crisis, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Presidential election of 1860, the main contributors to the breakdown of compromise seen in this era. In the years leading up to the Missouri Compromise of 1820, tensions began to rise between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions within the U. S. Congress and across the country. They reached a boiling point after Missouri’s 1819 request for admission to the Union as a slave state, which threatened to upset the delicate balance between slave states and free states. In order to maintain peace, Congress created a two-part compromise, which granted Missouri’s request but also admitted Maine as a free state. Congress also passed an amendment that drew an imaginary line across the former Louisiana Territory, establishing a boundary between free and slave regions that remained the law for decades. This demonstrated a great deal of bias and  false senses of self-righteousness from both sides of the argument as they intended to hide their greed for political power behind the morality of slavery, with the exception of the radical American Anti-Slavery society who called for immediate emancipation such as in Document B. This was especially displayed by the fact that Congress refused to consider any petitions during the 1830s that related to the subject of slavery showing complete disregard for the issue they presently hid behind, as seen in Document C, written by the House of Representatives. In 1854 the Missouri Compromise was repealed as part of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. At the time, debates were occurring over where the transcontinental railroad would run and Illinois senator Stephen Douglass desired it to run through Chicago for which he would need Southern support. The deal struck would leave the position regarding abolition in Kansas and Nebraska up to popular sovereignty, which only angered both sides, and further divided them among sectional lines. The Brooks-Sumner affair especially demonstrated the contribution that the Kansas-Nebraska Act made toward lack of compromise. Southerner Andrew Butler was deeply offended when Charles Sumner denounced the â€Å"crime against Kansas† and Butler’s cousin Preston Brooks beat him horribly with his cane. This made the north out to be innocent supporters of the martyr and the south to be violent haters of compromise. Document E was most likely drawn by a northerner as the assailant is drawn as barbaric and violent while Sumner is defending himself with only his pen, showing he is the more sensible and logical. This illustrates how compromise wouldn’t be reached until blood was shed, or until the Civil War was over. The reasons for why compromise broke down as a result of the South Carolina Nullification Crisis are routed in the fact that the North was mainly industrial while the South remained agricultural. In 1828, Congress passed a high protective tariff that infuriated the southern states because they felt it only benefited the industrialized North. For example, a high tariff on imports increased the cost of British textiles, which benefited American producers of cloth but shrunk English demand for southern raw cotton and increased the final cost of finished goods to American buyers. This tax and others resulted in the South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification where the South attempted to nullify the tariff, thereby breaking federal law. President Jackson rightly regarded this states’ rights challenge as so serious that he asked Congress to enact legislation permitting him to use federal troops to enforce federal laws in the face of nullification. Fortunately, an armed confrontation was avoided when Congress led by the efforts of Henry Clay, revised the tariff with a compromise bill. As seen in Document A, Clay attempted to lighten the severity of what South Carolina had done by imposing that South Carolina hadn’t ever attempted to secede. This statement is clearly subject to a bias examination, as it seemed he meant to protect primarily the first southern bastion of a war from demolition, as he himself was a southern Democratic-Republican. The effects of this entailed Southerners questioning whether Jackson and the democrats really represented Southern interests. The further sectional division made the South more united as they found a common enemy in the northern states. The tipping point and the ultimate break of compromise between the North and the South was the election of 1860 as in the years leading up to it, the raids of John Brown on southern plantations brought the question of slavery into serious debate. Four candidates were nominated. The Republican Party, which fielded its first candidate in 1856, was opposed to the expansion of slavery. Abraham Lincoln, the partys nominee in 1860, was seen as a moderate on slavery, but Southerners feared that his election would lead to its demise, and vowed to leave the Union if he was elected. As noted in Document F, the southerners held the value of slavery as essential to their way of life and viewed the northern states as a â€Å"conglomeration of greasy mechanics, filthy operatives, and moon struck theorists. † Lincoln proposed in his speeches that the whole agitation that had to do with slavery spawned from biased and power-hungry politicians as distinguished in Document G. Lincoln’s bias however was neutral as is the reason for his perspective on slavery originating in terms not of morality, but of his view on the supposedly corrupt politicians on both sides of the slavery argument. As he was the candidate closest to the emancipation end of the political spectrum, (despite John Bell), he was viewed by the south as an African-American himself noted in such cartoons such as â€Å"Abraham Afrikanus. † The Democratic Party split during their April convention, and the Southern delegation walked out in protest against the partys failure to endorse a federal slave code for western territories. Northern Democrats reconvened in Baltimore, where they nominated Stephen Douglas, while the Southern faction of the party held their own convention in Richmond and nominated Vice President John Breckenridge for president. The Constitutional Union Party, a moderate party composed of former Whigs and remnants of the Know-Nothings and other groups in the South, organized just before the election of 1860 and nominated John Bell. Bell carried Virginia and Breckinridge had the most votes in western Virginia. Lincoln won the election without carrying a single Southern state, the limited support he received in Virginia coming almost exclusively in the Northern panhandle as seen in document H. Almost immediately following his election, Southern states began withdrawing from the Union, setting the stage for a civil war and the creation of a new state. These events concerning the Missouri Compromise, Kansas-Nebraska Act, South Carolina Nullification Crisis and the Election of 1860 are the prime contributing factors to the breakdown of compromise in the years leading up to the Civil was. The factors of corrupt and biased politicians and the choices they made created a social division that became less and less economically oriented and more in regard to the issue of slavery. However, ultimately it was necessary for there to be a war to decide the fate of the United States, as the decision rested upon the people voting into office a new candidate and the most sensible course of action taken was a full fledged secession of southern states and an invasion by the North. The fighting would be quelled just as any other war would, however what distinguished this among other wars was the sheer grisliness of the combat and the number of lives lost. Dispute still resonates about the necessity and morality of the war, but the majority still views it as an essential American miscarriage that outlined the views and ethics of our people at the time.

Free Essays on All-American Girl

included are, don’t, can’t, leave, undress, and nevershe says twice. What does this style have to do with being an All-American Girl? It has a lot to do with her view, after each and every negative sentence she follows with a positive sentence, usually with humor. An example of this is â€Å"If we can’t make peace I’ll order the leather duster and swagger across the plaza in the Santa Fe, cross-dressing for the girls.† This one sentence in the Shopping poem is what an All-American Girl is all about. A girl that has the freedom to suppress her feelings by going out and doing something like thi... Free Essays on All-American Girl Free Essays on All-American Girl All-American Girl All-American Girl the title of Robin Becker’s book of poems suggests her view of what an American girl is. Becker shows through her poems that an American girl doesn’t have to be what society would call an American girl. She instead has a view of what an American girl is based on her life. She uses religion, culture, and human nature of society in most of her poems to demonstrate what an American girl is to her. Becker uses the titles of the poems as the setting, and sometimes the theme for her poems. Some of her titles are everyday events or activities. The style of doing this is very unique way to interpret an All-American girl. She controls the tone by the style she lays her poems in too. She either makes it smooth as satin or rough as sandpaper. Using different techniques causes the reader to flow through the poem, or stumble along having pauses to find your place. These ways are all very good put together for the reader to feel, and understand Becker’s view s. Becker’s first poem â€Å"Shopping† is one of the everyday events, she takes this everyday event and makes her feelings and views expressed. In this poem she uses the word â€Å"if† repeatedly, this type of style flows like the nursery rhyme mocking bird. This repetition is often followed by a negative word in the sentence. Some of these words included are, don’t, can’t, leave, undress, and nevershe says twice. What does this style have to do with being an All-American Girl? It has a lot to do with her view, after each and every negative sentence she follows with a positive sentence, usually with humor. An example of this is â€Å"If we can’t make peace I’ll order the leather duster and swagger across the plaza in the Santa Fe, cross-dressing for the girls.† This one sentence in the Shopping poem is what an All-American Girl is all about. A girl that has the freedom to suppress her feelings by going out and doing something like thi...

Choose one of the following Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 3

Choose one of the following - Assignment Example Keyser, with the ship and crew, had left Smith at the second to last port which was why Smith had brought the case to court. While these issues were dealt with, the issue of both men killing and stealing Negroes in Africa was ignored. â€Å"In 1645, Richard Saltonstall petitioned the General Court that justice be done on Smith and Keyser for murder and man stealing. The court ordered the release of the two Negro slaves but apart from that, the case was not pursued† (Winthrop). This is a perfect example of form over substance. On paper, the court was right in its decision. The Negro slaves that were on their land were given back their liberty, while Keyser and Smith’s actions in Africa could not be pursued; it was out of the court’s jurisdiction. The â€Å"form† of the matter had been dealt with. But yet again, society chose to look at the form of the matter rather than the substance. Keyser and Smith both committed heinous crimes but as the Statute allowed enslavement, the matter was dealt with an ignorant

Self Evaluation of Writing Essay in English Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Self Evaluation of Writing in English - Essay Example A Chinese language essay is stylistically like a circle, which means the readers have to figure out the meaning through personal interpretation as they return to the original intention of the author. On the other hand, the American English essay is stylistically like a straight line, which means the reader will find the thesis statement directly given at the beginning of the essay. Even though the process of writing an essay is similar in English and Chinese, it has been difficult for me to change from the Chinese style of writing, presentation, and organization to the American way represented in brainstorming, outlining, establishing a thesis statement, and completing the research in a structured pattern. Because of this, I have reflected on my own experience and mistakes in English composition to formalize a list of issues I need to correct in my own writing and work. When I was studying previously in the ESL program and taking a writing class at Seattle Central Community College, I typically did not â€Å"brainstorm† by writing down all of my ideas as part of my essay preparation. Frankly, I thought to brainstorm was wasting my time. There were only forty-five minutes permitted for an in a class writing assignment, so I always felt that I had no time to brainstorm. However, because of this, I always got stuck on the assignments where I had no idea what I should write next. For example, when I wrote my final, a timed writing assignment for my level three writing class, I did not write enough words because I had nothing prepared in advance that would allow me to continue to write on the topic after the first few paragraphs. After I got a humiliating grade on this final exam, I thought I had made a wrong choice and should have pursued a better topic to write about initially. I asked myself why I did not choose another question for the writing originally. In retrospect, at this time, I did not know the importance of brainstorming. Sometimes my ESL writing teachers would ask me to brainstorm before I started to write, but my brainstorm always was prepared after my rough draft was finished.

Thermal Equilibrium Essay Example for Free

Thermal Equilibrium Essay Thermal Equilibrium If you want to know the temperature of a cup of hot coffee, you stick a thermometer in the coffee. As the two interact, the thermometer becomes hotter and the coffee cools off a little. After the thermometer settles down to a steady value, you read the temperature. The system has reached an equilibrium condition; further interaction between the thermometer and the coffee cause no more changes. This is a state of thermal equilibrium. If the systems are separated by an insulator, such as wood, plastic or fiber glass, they influence each other more slowly. An ideal insulator is a material that permits no interactions at all between the two systems. It prevents the systems from attaining thermal equilibrium if the systems are not in thermal equilibrium at the start. That’s why ice is packed in insulating materials so that the insulation delays the process of achieving thermal equilibrium with the surrounding. Zeroth law of thermodynamics If system A is in thermal equilibrium with system C, and system B is in thermal equilibrium with System C, then System A and System B must be in thermal equilibrium. Important implication: THERMAL ENERGY HEAT Thermal energy is also frequently described as internal energy of a system. The internal energy of a system is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy possessed by the molecules of the system. Heat is the amount of thermal energy transferred from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. Important note: Heat and work are energy in transit. A body does not contain work; a force is needed to transfer energy between two interacting mechanical system. Likewise, a body does not contain heat; heat is the transfer of energy between two systems due to a temperature gradient. Does your body contain heat? If not, what does it contain? 1 The diagram shows two interacting bodies A and B. How would the heat flow; from A to B or B to A? A Internal energy = 100000 J Temperature = 40oC B Internal energy = 4000 J Temperature = 100oC Direct contact and thermal contact Two systems in direct contact mean that they are physically touching each other. Two systems in thermal contact may not always be in direct contact. Can you think of a situation where two objects are in thermal contact but not touching each other? CONDUCTION Conduction is the process by which thermal energy is transferred in a medium from faster vibrating particles (solids) or faster moving particles (liquids/gases) to slower ones through collisions. When one end of the rod is heated, the local molecules gain energy and vibrate faster. These molecules collide with their neighbouring molecules and transfer some energy to them. This process carries on with the next layer of neighbouring molecules and the energy is passed from the region of high temperature to regions of lower temperature on the rod. Why are metals good conductors of heat? 2 Hwa Chong Institution Sec 3 (SMTP) Example 2 The tiled floor feels colder than the carpeted floor even though both surfaces are at the same temperature. Why? Example 3 Why will the snow melt faster on some parts of the roof than others? Example 4 Sometimes during the winter, it is possible for the temperature to drop below freezing point during the night. In this case, farmers spray water on the fruits to prevent them from freezing. Explain how spraying water on the fruits may help. Question: Using the logic above, can we boil water in a test tube which is placed inside a beaker of boiling water? 3 CONVECTION Convection is the transfer of heat energy from a hot region to a cold region by the transfer of matter. The flow of convection is called the convection currents. Natural convection is due to a temperature difference that causes the density at one place of the fluid to be different from the density at another. Hot fluid expands and becomes less dense and consequently will rise. Whether the convection currents form convection loops (or a convection cell) depend on the space available for the convection to take place. Forced convection uses an external device such as a fan or a pump to mix warmer and cooler portions of the fluid. Question: You can hold your finger beside a candle flame without getting hurt but not above the flame. Why? Question: Some ice is trapped at the bottom end of a test tube by steel wool. A flame is applied near the mouth of the test tube until the water at the mouth of the test tube boils. Yet, the ice cubes are still present for quite a while. Explain why a fluid like water, which can transport heat by conduction and convection, does not transfer energy quickly from the flame to melt the ice. 4 Hwa Chong Institution Sec 3 (SMTP) Example 5 A half-boiled egg is prepared by placing a fresh egg inside hot water (slightly less than 100oC). You have placed three eggs at the bottom of the container with hot water. After a minute, you decided there is enough space for more eggs so you put one more egg on top of the bottom three. 15 minutes later, which of the eggs will be the most cooked? RADIATION Radiation is the process by which energy is transferred by electromagnetic waves. Radiation can travel through vacuum. This form of energy is sometimes called radiant energy. A good radiator is also a good absorber but a poor reflector. Some factors that can affect the rate of absorption / emission of radiation include 1 2 3 Colour of surface The classic experiment that shows that dark colour surface is a better absorber of radiant energy than a shiny surface. Clearly, a shiny surface tends to reflect radiation that falls on it. Hot water Surface temperature The hotter the surface, the more radiation it emits. A surface can emit all types of radiation, but at a specific temperature, it has a dominant emission wavelength (a particular type of radiation). For example, at human body temperature, the dominant type is infrared (that’s why we have infrared thermometers). In general, the hotter the surface, the type of radiation emitted will tend to shift more to the higher energy type like ultraviolet, x-ray or gamma rays. Surface area The larger the surface area, the more radiation it can emit. There are two important physics law describing radiant energy: Stefan-boltzmann law and the Wien’s displacement law. However, these laws are not within our syllabus. 5 APPLICATIONS OF HEAT TRANSFER A thermos bottle, sometimes referred to as a Dewar flask, reduces the rate at which hot liquids cool down or cold liquids warm up. A thermos flask usually consists of a doubledwalled glass vessel with silvered inner walls. The space between the walls is evacuated to reduce energy losses due to conduction and convection. The silvered surfaces reflect most of the radiant energy that would either enter or leave the liquid in the flask. Finally, little heat is lost through the glass or rubberlike gasket and stopper because these materials have low thermal conductivities. Covering a space satellite with highly reflective material can prevent excessive temperature fluctuations that can damage the highly sensitive electronic circuitry. By reflecting much of the sunlight, the foil minimizes temperature rises. Being a poor absorber means it’s a poor emitter too. When the satellite is not shone by the sun (e.g. in Earth’s shadow), it will not emit a lot of radiation and causes the temperature to plummet. Halogen cooktops use radiant energy to heat pots and pans. A halogen cooktop uses several quartz-iodine lamps, like the ones in ultra-bright automobile headlights. These lamps are electrically powered and mounted below a ceramic top. The electromagnetic energy they radiate passes through the ceramic top and is absorbed directly by the bottom of the pot. Consequently, the pot heats up very quickly, rivaling the time of a pot on an open gas stove.

Harley_davidson: The American Legend :: essays research papers

Harley Davidson: The American Legend The first thought of motorcycles as a means of transportation began in the year 1900. The pioneers’ of this field were William S. Harley and his lifelong friend Arthur Davidson. They were both born and raised in Milwaukee, WI. It took them almost three years to build their first production ready motorcycle which was a single cylinder, 10 cubic inch engine. It was bolted directly to a bicycle chassis driven by a pulley system with a leather belt. We are going to look at the development, racing, and the people who made the Harley Davidson an American Legend.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1907 they were experimenting with a two-cylinder model, which was essentially the same engine they started with. The only difference was that they had bolted one more cylinder at a 45 degree angle to the first. There were only two configurations possible. The side-by side twin would have been too wide and bulky. The v-configuration was the necessary choice. According to Harry Sucher, author of â€Å"Harley Davidson; The Milwaukee marvel†, engine power would nearly double while adding far less than double the weight.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bill Harley engineered the engine. He figured that he would need to make the cylinders reach the top of their stroke near simultaneous to take advantage of low range torque, and make the engine more dependable according to Rand Leffingwell, â€Å"Harley-Davidson; History & Mystique.† This created two lasting effects: The vibration and the exhaust sound for which Harley-Davidsons because famous.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the first 15 years, Harley-Davidson had established themselves as a fore-runner in the motorcycle market. The other prominent companies were Indian, Thor, and Excelsior. At the beginning of WWI, they were overwhelmed with orders from governments around the globe for bikes for the war effort. This allowed Harley-Davidson to almost triple the size of their manufacturing plant, which is still located in the same place in Milwaukee. These orders brought greater economic prosperity to all the motorcycle companies of the time but especially Harley-Davidson.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Harley-Davidson became very involved with racing between 1915 and 1925. They have continued to stay involved in racing ever since, but with much less success since they had to start competing with Japanese companies. The Harley-Davidson always placed in the top five at every event, and sometimes all five seats were taken by Harley-Davidsons. These early races were very well organized but usually very dangerous. This scared a majority of the public but the young were entranced by it and sought for sponsorship from major companies such as Harley-Davidson.

Interview with Grandparents Essay

The concept of marriage has changed over the years, the definition has not. When interviewing Dante (sr. ) and Joanne Zarlenga, both had much to say on the topic. Dante, a retired engineer, navy man, and company owner, said â€Å"I feel as though the sanctity of marriage has diminished over the years. † With this being said, the definition of marriage is the formal union of two persons, recognized by the law and oftentimes the church. The concept of marriage has radically changed. In the days when Dante and Joanne were married, 60+ years ago, marriage was the ultimate form of commitment, meant to last a lifetime. In today’s society, marriage is simply another level of commitment, ready to be terminated at one’s wish. Parenthood is often considered the most difficult journey in the life of a person. When one becomes a parent, whether or not it is within marriage, he/she becomes responsible for the life of another. Joanne said, in a humorous way, â€Å"I think the most difficult aspect of parenthood is giving birth†¦.. your father might have been the most painful. † Dante then interrupted by saying, â€Å"there are many ups and downs about parenthood, but a good parent never quits.† These are words to live by. The sheer concept of being responsible for the life of another person is difficult and often terrifying, but watching that child blossom that makes parenthood so fulfilling and rewarding. By anyone’s standards, there are many rewarding aspects of parenthood. As Joanne stated, â€Å"it’s hard to pinpoint one moment of parenthood that has been the ‘most’ rewarding. † She continued by saying, â€Å"from the moment my first child was born to the moment I take my last breathe, that is the most rewarding part of parenthood. † This statement says so much. Joanne is simply stating that every aspect of parenthood is rewarding, not just one particular moment. â€Å"There are so many things to be proud of my children for. They’ve all grown into such wonderful adults,† said Dante. It is parents like Joanne and Dante who prove that even difficult task can be rewarding. As everyone knows, becoming a parent changes every aspect of one’s life, especially personal and work. When Dante and Joanne had their first child, Joanne missed a lot of work. She was the type of mother who wanted to be there to raise her child instead of hiring a nanny to do it for her. Because she was taking so much time off work, Dante began to work longer days to compensate for the lack of a second income. Like all parents, Dante and Joanne did what they could to create a comfortable life for their children. The change of parenthood was â€Å"a breath of fresh air,† said Dante. â€Å"It was nice to know I was capable of more than creating parts or taking orders,† he continued. Parenthood is not for everyone because of the changes that occur in one’s own life. As far as changing the past, both Dante and Joanne agreed that although they might not have been perfect parents, there was nothing they would do to rewrite history. Whatever their means of parenting, it must have worked because they raise four children into four successful adults. There are so many things parents-to-be should know. As stated by Dante, â€Å"the one thing I wish I would have known prior to becoming a parent is just how hard parenthood is. † There is not one single piece of advice the Zarlengas would give because there are so many lessons better learned through experience. â€Å"The one thing I will tell anybody considering becoming a parent, be ready to give your life for someone else,† said Joanne. Parenting and grandparenting are separated by a generation. Grandparenting comes in many different forms. Some grandparents co-raise their grandchildren, some just babysit occasionally or when they are needed. â€Å"There is only one wrong form of grandparenting, trying to raise grandchildren as your own,† said Dante. Oftentimes grandparents used grandchildren as a way to correct there mistakes when they raised their own children. As said by Joanne, â€Å"grandparenting is like a second chance at parenting. It is also the best way to share the wealth of knowledge with my children.† She acknowledges that there are certain lines not to be crossed by a grandparent. Throughout the many stages of parenthood, there are many challenges to be faced and many rewards to be reaped. In the eyes of Joanne, one of the hardest parts of parenthood is not knowing how to calm your child down as a new parent. â€Å"there were nights when Joe(the oldest) wouldn’t stop crying and it killed me inside because there wasn’t anything I could do about it,† said Joanne. Dante agreed adding, â€Å"it was difficult when the kids were learning things that I could no longer help them with. I felt incompetent.† Both agreed that the most rewarding part of parenthood is looking at who their children have become and the wonderful things they have accomplished. After interviewing Dante and Joanne Zarlenga, my grandparents, I felt a sense of hope for the future. I realized that there are many things to look forward to in the future. There was nothing that I was too surprised by. Getting married and raising a family is one of the most challenging endeavors, but the rewards are unmatched by anything else. There are many aspects I would deem necessary to be a good parent. One of the main qualities would be patience. I can only imagine the difficulty of raising a child and then letting him go. I often feel that being a parent, in certain ways, is similar to being a manager of a big corporation. Both involved a great deal of responsibility to be accountable for other people’s lives. I know my grandparents very well and know that their children are their pride and joy and their grandchildren are a close second. They would do anything for anyone in their family and not expect anything in return. The Zarlengas are truly selfless which makes them the best type of parent and grandparent.